| 299 | 13 | 68 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
以建瓯的杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)人工林(JCL)、罗浮栲(Castanopsis fabri)林(JCF)、米槠(Castanopsis carlesii)林(JCC)及武夷山的米槠林(WCC)不同层次土壤(0～10 cm,10～20 cm)为对象,用45 m L去离子水(相当于189 mm降雨量)分3次(每次15 m L)淋洗厚度约1. 8 cm土壤,研究模拟降雨条件下表层土壤渗滤液可溶性有机质(DOM)的浓度和光谱学特征,分析可能的影响因素。结果表明,在0～10 cm土层,杉木人工林淋滤液中土壤可溶性有机氮(DON)含量显著高于3种天然林,分别是JCF、JCC、WCC的3. 5、1. 5、2倍,但土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)、腐殖化程度及荧光效率(Feff)值低于3种天然林;在10～20 cm土层,4种林分的DON和DOC无显著差异,但杉木人工林的腐殖化程度及Feff值低于3种天然林。在不同植被类型中,0～10 cm土层的荧光同步光谱腐殖化指数(HIXsyn)值均大于10～20 cm,而Feff值均小于10～20 cm。综合3种光谱分析表明,3种天然林土壤淋滤液DOM含量更高,结构更简单;杉木人工林土壤淋滤液DOM含有较多木质素等不易分解的物质。与10～20 cm层土壤相比,0～10 cm层土壤DOM中含有更多分子量大、结构复杂的物质。
Abstract：The concentrations and spectroscopic characteristics of dissolved organic matter( DOM) of leachates were investigated,by leaching with ID water( equivalent to 189 mm depth of rainfall) three times( each time 15 m L) through 18 mm depths of backfilled soils,collected respectively from a plantation forest of Cunninghamia lanceolate( JCL),a natural forest dominated by tree Castanopsis fabri( JCF),and a natural forest dominated by Castanopsis carlesii( JCC) at Jian' ou Wanmulin Nature Reserve and a natural forest dominated by Castanopsis carlesii( WCC) at Mount Wuyi Nature Reserve,which were common forests in Fujian province of China. In the 0 ～ 10 cm soil layer,the DON content from JCL was 3. 5 times,1. 5 times,2 times those of natural forests of JCF,JCC and WCC,respectively,but the DOC content,humification indices( HIXem,HIXsyn) and fluorescence efficiency( Feff) were lower than those of natural forests of JCF,JCC and WCC. In the 10 ～ 20 cm soil layer,DON and DOC were not significantly different among the 4 forests,but the degree of humification and Fefffor JCL are lower than JCF,JCC and WCC. The fluorescence synchrotron spectra( HIXsyn) values of the 0 ～ 10 cm soil layer were all greater than those of 10 ～ 20 cm,and the Feffwas less than 10 ～ 20 cm layer for the 4 forests. The spectral analysis results showed that the soil leachates from three natural forests had more DOM which structure was simpler than from JCL,which DOM contained many lignin and other substances that were not easily decomposed. Compared with the 10 ～ 20 cm layer soil,the soil DOM in 0 ～ 10 cm layer contained more molecular weight and complex structure.
[1]YANO Y,LAJTHA K,SOLLINS P,et al. Chemistry and dynamics of dissolved organic matter in a temperate coniferous forest on andic soils:Effects of litter quality[J]. Ecosystems,2005,8(3):286-300.
[2]MICHALZIK B,KALBITZ K,PARK J H,et al. Fluxes and concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen:A synthesis for temperate forests[J]. Biogeochemistry,2001,52(2):173-205.
[3]MCDOWELL W H,LIKENS G E. Origin,composition,and flux of dissolved organic carbon in the Hubbard Brook Valley[J]. Ecological Monographs,1988,58(3):177-195.
[4]QUALLS R G,HAINES B L. Biodegradability of dissolved organic matter in forest throughfall,soil solution,and stream water[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal,1992,56(2):578-586.
[5]CLEVELAND C C,NEFF J C,TOWNSEND A R,et al. Composition,dynamics,and fate of leached dissolved organic matter in terrestrial ecosystems:results from a decomposition experiment[J]. Ecosystems,2004,7(3):175-285.
[6]刘翥,杨玉盛,朱锦懋,等.中亚热带2种经济林土壤可溶性有机质数量与光谱学特征比较[J].水土保持学报,2014,38(11):1174-1183.
[7]康根丽,杨玉盛,司友涛,等.米槠人促更新林与杉木人工林叶片及凋落物溶解性有机物的数量和光谱学特征[J].生态学报,2014,34(8):1946-1955.
[8]熊丽,杨玉盛,王巧珍,等.可溶性有机碳在米槠天然林土壤中的淋溶特征[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2014,9(1):46-52.
[9]张彪,高人,杨玉盛,等.万木林自然保护区不同林分土壤可溶性有机氮含量[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(7):1635-1640.
[10]KALBITZ K,SOLINGER S,PARK J H,et al. Controls on the dynamics of dissolved organic matter in soils:A review[J]. Soil Science,2000,165(4):277-304.
[11]黄泽春,陈同斌,雷梅.陆地生态系统中水溶性有机质的环境效应[J].生态学报,2002,22(2):259-269.
[12]钱伟,杨玉盛,曾宏达,等.内河DOM降解的三维荧光紫外光谱研究——以白马河为例[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2008,2(3):42-48.
[13]ZSOLNAY A,BAIGAR E,JIMENEZ M,et al. Differentiating with fluorescence spectroscopy the sources of dissolved organic matter in soils subjected to drying[J]. Chemosphere,1999,38(1):45-50.
[14]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:12-14,56,147-163,166-185,228-231,272-282.
[15]AKAGI J,ZSOLNAYá,BASTIDA F. Quantity and spectroscopic properties of soil dissolved organic matter(DOM)as a function of soil sample treatments:Air-drying and preincubation[J]. Chemosphere,2007,69(7):1040-1046.
[16]CORVASCE M,ZSOLNAY A,D’ORAZIO V,et al. Characterization of water extractable organic matter in a deep soil profile[J]. Chemosphere,2006,62(10):1583-1590.
[17] ZSOLNAY A. Dissolved organic matter:Artefacts, definitions, and functions[J]. Geoderma,2003,113(3):187-209.
[18]盛浩,宋迪思,周萍,等.土地利用变化对花岗岩红壤底土溶解性有机质数量和光谱特征的影响.生态学报,2017,37(14):4676-4685.
[19]林伟盛,杨智杰,郭剑芬,等.米槠天然林转变成杉木人工林后土壤可溶性有机碳的变化[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2013,8(1):41-47.
[20]FILEP T,RéKáSI M. Factors controlling dissolved organic carbon(DOC),dissolved organic nitrogen(DON)and DOC/DON ratio in arable soils based on a dataset from Hungary[J]. Geoderma,2011,162(3/4):312-318.
[21]BURTON J,CHEN C R,XU Z H,et al. Soluble organic nitrogen pools in adjacent native and plantation forests of subtropical Australia[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2007,39(11):2723-2734.
[22]CHANTIGNY M H. Dissolved and water-extractable organic matter in soils:A review on the influence of land use and management practices[J]. Geoderma,2003,113(3/4):357-380.
[23]万晓华,黄志群,何宗明,等.杉木采伐迹地造林树种转变对土壤可溶性有机质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(1):12-18.
[24]周焱,傅丽娜,阮宏华,等.武夷山不同海拔土壤水溶性有机物的紫外可见光谱特征[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(4):23-27.
[25]BU X,WANG L,MA W,et al. Spectroscopic characterization of hot-water extractable organic matter from soils under four different vegetation types along an elevation gradient in the Wuyi Mountains[J]. Geoderma,2010,159(1):139-146.
[26]BI R,LU Q,YUAN T,et al. Electrochemical and spectroscopic characteristics of dissolved organic matter in a forest soil profile[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences,2013,25(10):2093-2101.
[27]YANG Y S,GUO J F,CHEN G S,et al. Litterfall,nutrient return,and leaf-litter decomposition in four plantations compared with a natural forest in subtropical China[J]. Annals of Forest Science,2004,61(5):465-476.
[28]HUANG Z Q,XU Z H,BOYD S,et al. Chemical composition of decomposing stumps in successive rotation of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook.)plantations[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,2005,50(22):2581-2586.
基本信息:
DOI：10.19687/j.cnki.1673-7105.2018.03.003
中图分类号:S714
引用信息:
[1]马莹玲,邢帅虎,朱思佳,等.中亚热带森林土壤淋滤液DOM浓度与光谱学特征[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2018,13(03):17-26.DOI:10.19687/j.cnki.1673-7105.2018.03.003.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(31570607、31770659、41271282); 福建师范大学(国家级)大学生创新创业训练计划(创新训练类)(201610394014)
2018-09-15
2018-09-15