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基于3种不同的监测方法获得重点问题湾区诏安湾港口渡的水质氮磷数据，包括渗透泵时间序列采样器监测(逐时)、走航监测和原位监测(逐月),对港口渡流域水质的时空变异特征进行了识别和分析。结果发现：(1)流域不同点位的NH4~+-N和活性磷酸盐(SRP)浓度增加与生活用水的高峰期相一致，且具有时间滞后性，流域出口处的NH4~+-N和SRP浓度在夜间达到峰值。(2)连续水域的NH4~+-N浓度呈现自上游到下游增减波动的变化趋势，浓度介于2.19～4.27 mg·L-1。(3)流域出口氮磷污染物的最高月负荷均出现在夏季，土地利用类型与水质氮磷浓度具有显著相关关系，在建设用地和鱼塘中，水质氮磷浓度普遍较高，而在林地中则相对较低。对此，建议从强化污水处理和优化土地利用格局两方面进行综合管理，可以有效控制流域水质氮磷污染，减少入海污染物输入。
Abstract：This paper identifies and analyzes the characteristics of spatial and temporal variability of water quality in Gangkoudu watershed based on three different monitoring methods for obtaining water quality NH4~+-N and SRP data in the key problematic bay area of Zhao'an Bay, including time-series sampler monitoring(hour-by-hour), walk-around monitoring, and in-situ monitoring(month-by-month). The results found that,(1) the increase in NH4~+-N and reactive phosphate(SRP) concentrations at different points in the watershed coincided with the peak period of domestic water use with a time lag, and the NH4~+-N and SRP concentrations at the outlet of the watershed peaked at night.(2) The NH4~+-N concentrations in the continuous watershed showed a fluctuating trend from upstream to downstream, with concentrations ranging from 2.19 mg·L-1 to 4.27 mg·L-1.(3) The highest monthly loads of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants exported from the watershed all appeared in the summer, and there was a significant correlation between the type of land use and water quality NH4~+-N concentrations, which were generally higher in construction land and fishponds, and relatively lower in forest land. In this regard, it is suggested that comprehensive management in terms of strengthening sewage treatment and optimizing land use pattern can effectively control water quality nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in the watershed and reduce the input of pollutants into the sea.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19687/j.cnki.1673-7105.2025.03.006
中图分类号:X832
引用信息:
[1]张宇菁,黄以程,王建,等.不同时空尺度下港口渡流域的水质变异特征及影响因素[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2025,20(03):53-62.DOI:10.19687/j.cnki.1673-7105.2025.03.006.
基金信息:
福建省环保科技计划项目(2022R007); 云南省科技厅科技计划项目(202303AC10014)
2025-09-24
2025-09-24
2025-09-24